Bake-oven.



No. 860,067. PATENTEDJULY 16, 1907.

A. B; SUYDAM.

BAKE OVEN.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 10, 190B. RENEWED APB. 20,1907.

' 4 BHEETSSHEET 1.

Witnesses: Invenio'r;

rm.- NORRIS Funk cm, wnmn'aron, n. c.

No. 860,067. PATENTED JULY 16, 1907. A. E. SUYDAM.

BAKE OVEN. APPLICATION FILED APR. 10, 1905. RENEWED APR. 20 1907- 4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Yl/iinesses: A I/ L 4 a. 1m

THE NORRIS PETERS co, WASHINGTON, n. c

No. 860,067 I PATENTED JULY 16,1907.

A. E. SUYD'AM.

BAKE OVEN.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 10, 1905. RENEWED APR. 20, 1007.

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No. 860,067. PATENTED JULY 16, 1907.

A E. SUYDAM.

BAKE OVEN. APPLICATION FILED APR. 10, 1905. RENEWED APR. 20, 1907.

4SHEB'IS-SHEET 4.

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ALFREDE. SUYDAM," OF KANSAS CITY, MISSOURI.

I BAKE-OVEN.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 16,1907,

To all whom it may concern; I

Be it known that I, ALFRED E. SUYDAM, a citizen of the United States, residing at Kansas City, in the county of Jackson and State of Missouri, have invented .a new and useful Bake-Ovendof which thet'ollowing is a specification. l I

My invention relates to bake ovens, and the general object of my invention is to produce an oven that will bake a superior loaf of bread. 1 I

A-s'econdary object of my invention is to provide means forinsuring an equal distribution of heat under the hearth of the oven, and toimprove the form of the crown or top of the bakingchamben With these objects my invention consists in the novel construction, combination and arrangement of parts,

as hereinafter claimed, and shown in, the accompanying" drawings, in which Figure 1 is a rear elevation, and Fig: 2 is a frontelevation, of a bake oven embodying my invention; Fig.

3'. is a section taken on line -c d of Fig.5; Fig. 1 is a sectional'plan taken on line-n+1 of Fig. 1; Fig. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the interior of the fovenp Fig. 6 is a sectiontakenonline e-f of Fig. 5; Fig. 7 is a detail view of one'of the supporting tubes in the crown, with the hangers, and archbars supported thereby; Fig. 8 is a bottom plan view 'of'the crown; Fig. 9is an enlarged detail view of one of the crownhangers.

transverse open space 15.

l and l are the fire-doors.

2 and 2 are the grates.

3 is the door of the oven. 1

Referring to Fig. 6,4 is a brick arch wall through which extends the opening from the door 3 into the baking chamber. 'The thickness of thiswall 4- is shown in Fig. 5. At "each side thereof is a narrow A The combustion chambers 6 and 6 are connected to said spaces 5 by two horizontally-disposed spaces 7 and'7. (Figs. 4 and 5). v

The dividing wall 8 isjta pered, as shown, from the rear of the combustion chambers to the front wall of;

the oven. The outside walls .10 and 10 are also ta- .pered, in the opposite direction, as shown; being,

thicker at the front of the oven.

An important feature of my invention consistsin building a number of piers 9' through each passage 7. I'

am aware that it is not new to divide up these passages by' means of longitudinal partitions, torming separate straight'flues from combustion chamberto the opposite end of the oven But it is new to construct piers, as shown in Fig. 4, for example. The piers are not necessarily arranged in straight rows, r01 equally good results may be obtained by dodging or staggering them. The advantages arising from the use of piers are, that the heat of thefire is evenly distributed under'the hearth 12, and less fuel isrequired LO operate the oven. With the old arrangement oi separate fines,

Application filed April 10, 19 05. I Renewed AprilZO, 1907. Eerial No. 369.404.

the heat shows up in streaks toward the last of the baking.

The baking chamber is separated from the aforesaid spaces 5 by a wall 13. (Fig. 5). At the rear end of the hearth is a low wall 14. (Fig. 5). These two walls support the crown ofi the oven, which I construct preferably as follows: An arch 15 of brick, three bricks deep (more or less) extends from side to side of the oven. This arch is supported by a series of embedded pipes 16, the front ends of which are supported by the wall 13, their rearends being supported by wall 14. More correctly speaking, the pipes do not rest directly. upon said walls, for the lowerlayer of brick of the crown 15 lies between the pipes and said walls 13 and 14. This lower layer or brick of the crown 15 is. supported by transverse arched iron bars 17, which are supported by hangers 18, which are supported by the pipes 1.6. One

of said hangers is shown detached in Fig. 9. As shown,

it is in the shape of an endless loop. The manner in which these hangers engage the pipes and the archbars' is clearly shown in Fig. 7.

As indicated in Figs. 3 and 6, the ends of said arch-bars are embedded in the side walls 10. The rear and central portion of the crown 15 is depressed or turtle backed as shown in Figs. 5 and 7. The parabolic line in Fig. 8 indicates where this depression of the crown connects with the normal arched portion. The extreme rear end of the crown on line 7L-IL of Fig. 8, is not arched, but is approximately straight. The advantage of this com bined arched and turtle back, construction is, that it permits steam to be used with the best results. These results are that the crust of the loaves of bread is made glossy, and the flavor and texture of the bread is improved. In regard to fiat-topped ovens, it is a fact within my personal knowledge that when steam is used in such ovens, the steam seems to prevent the crust from expanding, the loaves do not rise properly, and the crustwill appear dead and rough. I do not understand why the arched and turtle back form of crown improves the bread as above stated, but such is the case.

Fitted upon the top layer of the crown 15 is a sheet of metal 19. This forms a smooth bottom for a plurality ofi'lues 20, which extend from a rear space 21 (Fig. 5) forward to a transverse smoke-flue 22 indicated in Fig. 5. p a The stack 23 connects to this transverse fine, as shown. I prefer to locate the stack at one side rather than at the middle forthe reason that it is better to have the weight thereof away from the middle of the crown.

r The products of combustion pass from the fire-boxes to the stack as indicated by arrows in Fig. 5.

The-top lines 20 are covered by tiles 26, and overlying said tiles is a layer of sand, 27. Upon the sand is an arched sheet of metal, 28, and upon this is a layer asbestos or similar heat-insulating material, extending from side wall to side wall. I then cover this heatinsulating material, as well as that portion of the brickwork 34 not covered thereby, with a sheet of metal, 32. Upon this metal sheet is laid a bed of sand, 31, upon which the hearth 12 is directly laid, the hearth being inclined downwardly and rearwardly, as shown.

24 are flue-stoppers for the topmost flues 20, and 25 are stoppers for the pipes 16, which serve the double purpose of supports for the crown 15 and fines therev through.

Recesses 35 may be built in the inner sides of the side walls 10, as shown in Fig. 4.

In Fig. 3, the openings 36 are the openings from the combustion chambers into the spaces between the piers 9. In Fig. 6, 37 are the openings from the passages into the upright lateral spaces 5.

It will be obvious that the transverse openings between the piers 9 will permit-a free circulation of the hot gases therethrough, and consequently the hearth 12 will be heated with almost perfect uniformity throughout its surface.

The utility of the sand layers 27 and 31 will be understood without any explanation.

Within the scope of the appended claims, I do not limit myself to any details of construction shown in the drawings.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

scope? 1. In a bake oven, the combination with outer walls and a dividing wall, forming a pair of combustion chambers, of a tapering'continnation of said dividing wall, said continuation decreasing in thickness from the combustion chambers toward the opposite end of the o'ven, a plurality of rows of piers arranged in the horizontal fine-spaces between said tapering dividing wall and the lateral outer walls, said rows of piers being spaced apart and staggered,

and forming a plurality of fines whose direction is substantially parallel 'to that of the adjacent side of the dividing wall, a layer of brick-work above said piers, forming the tops of said dues and a support for :1 hearth, a bed of sand laid upon said brick-work and separated therefrom v by sheet metal, and a hearth laid upon said bed of sand.

2. In a bake oven, a layer of brickwork34, a sheet of heat-insulating material upon that portion of said brickworkwhich overlies the combustion chamber, asheet of metal covering said brickwork and said insulating material, a layer of sand upon said metal, and a hearth laid upon said layer of sand; substantially as described.

3. In a bake oven, a crown consisting of spaced longitudinal tubular fines, arranged in an arched formation and embedded in a brick-work arch, hangers depending from said tubular fines, transverse arch-bars supported by said hangers and underlying said brick arch, longitudinal fines built upon said arch, a layer of sand upon said fines, a sheet of metal upon said sand layer, a layer of heatinsnlating material'upon said metal, and a top layer of brick covering said heat-insulating material.

4. In a bake oven, a crown comprising longitudinal tubular fines, spaced apart, hangers depending from said fines, transverse arch-bars supported by said hangers, an arch ofbrickwork supported by said arch-bars, longitudi nal fines built upon said crown, a layer of sand upon said I 

